World trade issues, or issues related to international trade, play a very important role in the global economy. This trade includes a number of factors, from tariff policies to free trade agreements. This policy can influence the flow of goods and services between countries, as well as influence economic growth and societal welfare. One of the main issues is tariffs and quotas. When countries impose high tariffs on imported goods, their goal is usually to protect domestic industries. However, the long-term effects of these tariffs often lead to retaliation from other countries, triggering trade wars that are detrimental to all parties. A well-known example is the trade conflict between the United States and China that began in 2018. These policies not only affected specific sectors, but also created uncertainty in global markets. Free trade agreements are another very important aspect. Through this agreement, countries seek to reduce or eliminate import duties to increase trade. For example, the Trans-Pacific Trade Crime Agreement (TPP) aims to strengthen economic ties in the Asia-Pacific region. Trade agreements like this can provide greater market access for exporters, but can also have a negative impact on industries that are unable to compete. Currently, the issue of sustainability is also increasingly becoming a concern. Many countries are now starting to integrate trade policies with environmental aspects. Green trade, which includes environmentally friendly products, is increasingly popular. Countries that do not pay attention to sustainability aspects can face trade pressure from other countries that are more concerned about environmental issues. Global health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, show how vulnerable the world trading system is. Disruptions in supply chains cause shortages of goods even in developed countries. This raises awareness of the importance of diversifying sources of goods and the risks of dependence on one particular country. Countries are starting to look for ways to increase their economic resilience through local initiatives. Technological innovation also plays a role in the transformation of world trade. E-commerce has revolutionized the way products are sold and marketed globally. Platforms such as Amazon and Alibaba enable small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) to sell their products to international consumers. However, differences in regulations across countries can often be an obstacle to this growth. In addition, the issue of protecting intellectual property rights (IPR) is becoming increasingly important in world trade. Innovation is often a country that excels in a technology-based economy. Without fair protection, this innovation can be exploited illegally by certain parties, harming the original creator. Furthermore, climate change also has the potential to change the international trade landscape. Countries that are unable to adapt to climate change could face substantial economic losses. Therefore, trade policies that support environmentally friendly practices are increasingly necessary. In this case, the role of international organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) is very important. The WTO is tasked with regulating international trade and being a forum for countries to resolve trade disputes. WTO policies can help maintain the stability of the global trading system, although they are often overshadowed by tensions between major countries. On the other hand, regional economic integration, as seen in the European Union and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), strengthens cooperation between countries in various aspects, including trade. This collaboration not only creates new business opportunities, but also facilitates the exchange of information and technology. In the future, world trade issues will continue to transform along with changes in geopolitics, technology and environmental policies. Openness and cooperation between countries is the key to advancing a more inclusive and sustainable global economy.